Venture capital firm a16z argues ecosystem-locked tokens, akin to airline miles, could be key for builders to create stable, spendable digital economies without the noise of speculation.
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More crypto projects should consider using a blockchain-based equivalent to airline miles to grow their user base and power their economies, according to executives from venture capital firm a16z.
In a report on Thursday, a16z stated that one of crypto’s most underappreciated token types is called “arcade tokens.”
These tokens maintain a relatively stable value within a specific software or product ecosystem, similar to airline miles rewards, or in-game currencies. They enable users to perform specific functions within that ecosystem, .
“Though arcade tokens aren’t for every use case, they represent a critical building block in the evolution of crypto networks.”
“Just as stablecoins unlock new forms of commerce, and network tokens enable decentralized value-sharing and governance, arcade tokens can power digital economies at scale,” said a16z researcher Scott Duke Komimers, chief technology officer Eddy Lazzarin and others.
Arcade token usage
One such project, according to a16z, is the hospitality-tech startup Blackbird and its native FLY token. The project launched a for restaurants in mid-2024, with FLY designed to reward users and spur adoption of the service.
“Blackbird’s $FLY token allows users to redeem it in any participating restaurant, and that redemption behavior is managed on a purpose-built blockchain layer powered by a network token,” the report reads, as it pointed to other use cases:
“A decentralized computing network might, for example, use a network token for security and incentives among compute providers, while using an arcade token to establish network effects among the customer base.”
“Frequent flyer miles and rewards points, for example, can encourage brand loyalty and be used to make flight and upgrade purchases; digital gold can let you buy or sell items in a video game,” they explained, adding:
“Instead of granting holders ownership rights in the underlying ecosystem, arcade tokens grant holders the ability to access or use certain applications or services; crucially, their market value is designed to be programmatically bounded.”
The report also argued that arcade tokens can provide important utilities for “spend-centric economies or physical-world integrations.”
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Some of the benefits of using arcade tokens include price stability and usability, which make it easy for users to understand what they’re spending, simply accounting, and simplify tokenomics for issuers.
Stablecoins and other assets vs arcade tokens
The report also highlights that while stablecoins can be used for similar purposes, the flexible dynamics of arcade tokens present other opportunities.
For example, issuers can essentially “print arcade tokens on demand” to support ecosystem growth, such as grants, user and developer subsidies, while also encouraging users to stay within the economy, instead of spending the funds elsewhere.
However, the report outlines that not every project needs to use them, as they lack utility in speculative environments or when a network or platform already has a well-established token and ecosystem.
“For example, layer-1 blockchain networks that have their own network tokens generally do not need arcade tokens to function,” they argued.
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